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Native to South and Southeast Asia, including Thailand.
It is highly adaptable and often found in urban areas,
agricultural land, and forests, typically active at
night. It is recognizable by its dry, warty skin and
distinctive black-tipped spines on its back. It feeds
mainly on insects and other small invertebrates,
playing an important role in pest control. Breeding
usually occurs during the rainy season, when females
lay long strings of eggs in temporary or permanent
water bodies. Like many toads, it produces mild toxins
from its skin glands as a defense against predators.
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